![]() Because overgrowth occurs in children, it has been suggested that overgrowth occurs as a result of disproportional growth between the remaining proximal physis and the contracted distal soft tissue and skin. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the phenomenon of bone overgrowth. Last, metaphyseal level amputations carry a higher risk of overgrowth than diaphyseal level amputations. An increased prevalence of overgrowth has been reported in patients who had previously undergone surgery for overgrowth. Aitke postulated that bone overgrowth in congenital cases is due to intrauterine amputation (amniotic band syndrome) rather than true agenesis, considering that bone overgrowth does not occur in congenital agenesis however, this assumption has not been proven. Traumatic amputations carry a higher risk of overgrowth than elective surgical amputations, as stump overgrowth is very rare in congenital agenesis but common in amniotic band syndrome. The most frequent locations are the humerus, followed by the fibula and the tibia, whereas stump overgrowth is rare in the radius and ulna. Younger patients have a higher incidence of stump overgrowth. Osseous overgrowth is not observed in children older than 12 years or in cases of disarticulation amputations. ![]() ![]() Among them age and location are the most influencing factors. Age, location, reason for amputation, and level of amputation are known factors that affect the prevalence of stump overgrowth. Stump overgrowth is the most common complication following limb amputation in children, and the incidence varies from 4 to 50%. ![]()
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